7. Controls# 7.1. Overview 7.1.1. Open vs Closed Loop 7.2. Open-Loop Control 7.2.1. Programming Open-Loop Control 7.2.2. Suitability of Open-Loop Control 7.3. Closed Loop Control 7.4. Bang-Bang Control 7.4.1. Programming Bang-Bang Control 7.4.2. Oscillation 7.4.3. Suitability of Bang-Bang Control 7.4.4. Double-Setpoint Control 7.5. PID Control 7.5.1. Control Function 7.5.2. Proportional-Integral-Derivative Terms 7.6. PID Gains and Tuning 7.6.1. Proportional Gain 7.6.2. Integral Gain 7.6.3. Derivative Gain 7.7. PID Exercises